Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, aynı aile ve çevrede yetişen üçüzlerden OSB tanılı iki kardeş ile tipik gelişim gösteren kardeş arasındaki dil ve iletişim becerilerindeki benzerlik ve farklılıkları ortaya koymaktır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma, karşılaştırmalı betimsel araştırma modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş bir olgu sunumu olup, katılımcıları 5 yaşında (64 aylık) ikisi kız, biri erkek olan üçüz kardeşlerden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların dil, konuşma ve iletişim becerileri Türkçe Erken Dil Gelişim Testi (TEDİL), LITMUS Türkçe Cümle Tekrar Testi (LITMUS-TR), Türkçe Anlamsız Sözcük Tekrarı Testi (TAST), İletişim Matrisi, Ankara Gelişim Tarama Envanteri (AGTE), Gilliam Otistik Bozukluk Derecelendirme Ölçeği-2 Türkçe Versiyonu (GOBDÖ-2-TV) ile değerlendirilerek karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Tipik gelişim gösteren (TGG) erkek kardeşin TEDİL performansı “ortalama” iken, OSB'li kız kardeşlerden birinin TEDİL performansı “zayıf” bulunmuştur. OSB'li diğer kız kardeş işbirliği yapamadığı için testlerin hiçbiri uygulanamamıştır. TGG kardeşin LITMUS puanı 16 ve TAST puanı 2; OSB'li kardeşin LITMUS puanı 3 ve TAST puanı 2'dir. İletişim matrisi verilerine göre TGG kardeş iletişim becerilerini çeşitli ve işlevsel bir şekilde kullanabilmektedir. TEDİL performansı “zayıf” olan OSB'li kardeş dili sosyal amaçlı kullanırken jest ve mimikler yerine sözel ifadeleri tercih etmektedir. Diğer OSB'li kardeş ise sosyal ve bilgilendirici iletişimi tutarsız bir şekilde kullanmakta ve düşük düzeyde iletişimsel katılım göstermektedir.
Sonuç: Benzer genetik ve çevresel koşullara sahip olmalarına rağmen, üçüzler farklı dil ve konuşma becerilerine sahiptir. Bu bulgular, OSB’nin bireysel çeşitliliğini ve nöroçeşitlilik yaklaşımının önemini vurgulamaktadır.
otizm spektrum bozukluğu, tipik gelişim, üçüz, nöroçeşitlilik
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